| CAS Number | 19982-08-2 |
| Weight | 179.302g/mol |
| Molecular Formula | C12H21N |
| xlogp | 3.5 |
| Melting Point | 258 oC (HCl salt) |
| H20 Solubility | 35 mg/mL (HCl salt), 0.9 mg/mL for free base |
| State | Solid |
| Pharmacology | Memantine, an amantadine derivative, is an NMDA receptor antagonist used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. It differs from traditional agents used in Alzheimer's disease by acting on glutamatergic neurotransmission, rather than cholinergic. There is some evidence that dysfunction of glutamatergic neurotransmission, manifested as neuronal excitotoxicity, is involved in the aetiology of Alzheimer's disease (Cacabelos et al., 1999). As such, targeting the glutamatergic system, specifically NMDA receptors, was a novel approach to treatment in view of the limited efficacy of existing drugs targeting the cholinergic system. A systematic review of randomised controlled trials found that memantine has a positive effect on cognition, mood, behaviour, and the ability to perform daily activities. There is no evidence that memantine prevents or slows neurodegeneration in patients with Alzheimer's disease. |
| Toxicity | Side effects include pain, abnormal crying, leg pain, fever, increased apetite. Adverse drug reactions include: dizziness, confusion, headache, hallucinations, tiredness. Less common side effects include: vomiting, anxiety, hypertonia, cystitis, and increased libido. Doses of up to 400 mg have been tolerated. |
| Absorption | Well absorbed orally with a bioavailability of approximately 100%. Peak plasma concentrations are reached in 3-7 hours. Food has no effect on absorption. |
| Biotransformation | Excreted largely unchanged. About 20% is metabolized to 1-amino-3-hydroxymethyl-5-methyl-adamantane and 3-amino-1-hydroxy-5,7-dimethyl-adamantane. |
| Dosage | Tablet |
| Descriptors |
| Chemical IUPAC | 3,5-dimethyladamantan-1-amine |
| Smiles |
Canonical CC12CC3CC(C1)(CC(C3)(C2)N)C
IsomericCC12CC3CC(C1)(CC(C3)(C2)N)C
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| External References |
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